{"id":77052,"date":"2020-05-21T09:32:44","date_gmt":"2020-05-21T13:32:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/muslimmatters.org\/?p=77052"},"modified":"2020-05-22T08:34:39","modified_gmt":"2020-05-22T12:34:39","slug":"ibn-%ca%bfallans-commentary-dalilul-falihin-the-book-of-fasting-hadiths-3-6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/muslimmatters.org\/2020\/05\/21\/ibn-%ca%bfallans-commentary-dalilul-falihin-the-book-of-fasting-hadiths-3-6\/","title":{"rendered":"Ibn-\u02bfAllan’s Commentary Dalilul-Falihin: The Book of Fasting | Hadiths 3-6"},"content":{"rendered":"

– \u0648\u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \ufdfa \u0642\u0627\u0644: “\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0642 \u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0646\u064f\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629: \u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062e\u064a\u0631\u064c\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u062f\u064f\u0639\u064a\u064e \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u062f\u064f\u0639\u064a\u064e \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u064f\u0639\u064a\u064e \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0629 [480] \u062f\u064f\u0639\u064a\u064e \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0629” \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0631\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0623\u0628\u064a \u0623\u0646\u062a \u0648\u0623\u064f\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0627 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647! \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u064f\u0639\u064a\u064e \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629\u064d\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u064c \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627\u061f \u0642\u0627\u0644: “\u0646\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645” \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0642\u064c \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647().<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Ab\u016b-Hurayra (May All\u0101h be pleased with him) also reported:<\/p>\n

The Messenger of All\u0101h \ufdfa said, \u201cHe who spends a pair in the way of All\u0101h will be called from the gates of paradise: \u2018O slave of All\u0101h! This is goodness\u2019 and one who is among the people of \u1e63al\u0101t (prayer), will be called from the gate of \u1e63al\u0101t; and whoever is eager in fighting in the cause of All\u0101h, will be called from the gate of jih\u0101d; and one who is regular in fasting will be called from the gate Ar-Rayy\u0101n. The one who is a charitable person will be called from the gate of charity.\u201d Ab\u016b-Bakr (May All\u0101h be pleased with him) said: \u201cO Messenger of All\u0101h \ufdfa ! May my mother and father be sacrificed for you! Those who are called from these gates will stand in need of nothing. However, will anybody be called from all of those gates?\u201d He replied, \u201cYes, and I hope that you will be one of them.\u201d \u201d.<\/p>\n

Narrated by Al-Bukh\u0101r\u012b and Muslim.<\/p>\n

\u201c The Messenger of All\u0101h said, \u201cHe who spends a pair in the way of All\u0101h will be called from the gates of paradise: \u2018O slave of All\u0101h! This is goodness\u2019 \u201d<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

In some narrations of this \u1e25ad\u012bth it is added: \u201cIt was said: what is a pair? He \ufdfa said: two horses, two cows, or two mules\u201d.<\/p>\n

It is possible that his \u1e25ad\u012bth applies to all virtuous actions, be it two \u1e63al\u0101t, fasting two days, or two acts of charity. That is substantiated by the wording of the rest of the \u1e25ad\u012bth, which enumerates those different actions.<\/p>\n

In the way of All\u0101h applies to all acts of goodness [i.e for All\u0101h\u2019s sake]. It is also said that it is specific to jih\u0101d, but the first interpretation is more correct and apparent. That is Im\u0101m Al-Nawaw\u012b\u2019s position.<\/p>\n

Goodness here is said to mean reward and delight. It is also said that it means this is better i.e we think that this is better for you than the rest of the doors, due to the abundance of its reward and bounties. Come and enter through it.<\/p>\n

\u1e24\u0101fi\u1e93 Ibn-\u1e24ajar however contends in Fat\u1e25ul-B\u0101r\u012b: \u201cThe meaning of goodness is virtue, not superiority, although the wording may lead to think so. The intent of the statement is to provide additional encouragement to the individual for entering through that door\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u201cAnd one who is among the people of \u1e63al\u0101t (prayer), will be called from the gate of \u1e63al\u0101t; and whoever is eager in fighting in the cause of All\u0101h, will be called from the gate of jih\u0101d; and one who is regular in fasting will be called from the gate Al-Rayy\u0101n.\u201d<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Al Qur\u1e6dub\u012b explains: to be among the people of \u1e63al\u0101t means that one performs abundant optional prayers to the point that it represents the most common of his optional actions. The obligatory \u1e63al\u0101t is not meant, because all people are equal in that respect.<\/p>\n

The same reasoning applies to fasting and \u1e63adaqa.<\/p>\n

The door is called Al-Rayy\u0101n i.e the one who is satiated\/quenched, as opposed to the one who is thirsty i.e the person fasting. This is to signify that he is rewarded for his thirst through a permanent satiation in paradise.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe one who is a charitable person will be called from the gate of charity.\u201d<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

After the mention of this door, four of the five pillars of Isl\u0101m have been included, leaving the pillar of \u1e24ajj. There is no doubt that there is a door for [those who performed] \u1e24ajj [abundantly]. That leaves a remainder of three doors to complete the number of eight doors.<\/p>\n

One of those doors is the door for \ufd3e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u064e\u0627\u0638\u0650\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u063a\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0638\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0639\u064e\u0627\u0641\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0639\u064e\u0646\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0627\u0633\u0650 \ufd3f \u201cthose who control their wrath and are forgiving toward mankind\u201d (s. \u0100l-\u02bfImr\u0101n, v. 134). Im\u0101m A\u1e25mad bin-\u1e24anbal narrates from Al-\u1e24asan [in a \u1e25ad\u012bth mursal] \u201cCertainly All\u0101h has a door in paradise which none except those who forgive injustice will enter through\u201d.<\/p>\n

Another one of those doors is \u201cthe door of the right side.\u201d That is the door of the mutawakkil\u012bn i.e those who used to put their entire trust in All\u0101h, through which will enter those who will not go through any reckoning nor will they be subject to any punishment.<\/p>\n

As for the third door, it may be the door of the remembrance of All\u0101h, as a \u1e25ad\u012bth in Tirmidh\u012b alludes to it. It is also possible that it is the door of knowledge.<\/p>\n

Considering the fact that the types of virtuous actions number much more than eight in total, it is then possible that the doors through which people will be called are in fact internal doors which are located beyond the eight main doors of paradise.<\/p>\n

Al-Suy\u016b\u1e6d\u012b explains in Al-D\u012bb\u0101j: \u201cAl-Q\u0101\u1e0d\u012b \u02bfIy\u0101\u1e0d explains: the remaining doors are mentioned in other a\u1e25\u0101d\u012bth: the door of repentance, the door of \u201cthose who control their wrath and are forgiving toward mankind\u201d, the door of those who are content, the door of the right side from which will enter those who will not undergo any reckoning\u201d.<\/p>\n

Al-\u1e24\u0101fi\u1e93 Ibn-\u1e24ajar explains in Fat\u1e25ul-B\u0101r\u012b: for one to spend in the way of All\u0101h in \u1e63adaqa, jih\u0101d, knowledge and \u1e25ajj is obvious. It is however not so obvious for other actions.
\nSpending in \u1e63al\u0101t may refer to acquiring its tools such as the water to purify oneself, and one\u2019s suitable garments or the like thereof.
\nAs for spending while fasting it would be on those things which strengthen one to do such as su\u1e25\u016br [pre-dawn meal] and fu\u1e6d\u016br [meal after sunset].
\nSpending to forgive others would mean that one forsakes those rights which he is entitled to from them.
\nSpending in tawakkul would be that which one spends during a sickness which prevents them for earning a living, while exerting patience in one\u2019s affliction. It can also be that which one spends on someone else who is afflicted by the same, seeking thereby reward.
\nSpending for dhikr would be along the same lines.<\/p>\n

It is also possible that what is meant by spending on \u1e63al\u0101t and fasting is for one to exert their person in those acts. In the language of the \u02bfArab, exertion of one\u2019s person is called expenditure [nafaqa]. They will for instance say, \u201cI have expended my life on it\u201d when referring to a trade which one has learnt. Exerting one\u2019s body in fasting and \u1e63al\u0101t would therefore be considered expenditure.<\/p>\n

\u201cAb\u016b-Bakr\u00a0 (May All\u0101h be pleased with him) said: \u201cO Messenger of All\u0101h \ufdfa ! May my mother and father be sacrificed for you! Those who are called from these gates will stand in need of nothing. However, will anybody be called from all of those gates?\u201d \u201d<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

He means that one being called by anyone of these doors would certainly not suffer any diminution or loss. This statement brings alertness to the fact that very few people will be called from all those gates.<\/p>\n

The one who has all those actions to his account is called from all the doors is an expression of merit, but entrance will nevertheless occur from only one door . That door is likely to be the one corresponding to the action which was most dominant for that person.<\/p>\n

In this same context, one should not be confused by the \u1e25ad\u012bth of \u1e62a\u1e25\u012b\u1e25 Muslim which says \u201cWhoever performs ablution and does so most adequately, and then says I bear witness that there is no deity but All\u0101h\u2026\u201d and then it mentions \u201cthen the eight doors of paradise will open and he may enter from whichever one he choses\u201d. The takeaway from this \u1e25ad\u012bth is that the doors are opened in this instance as a sign of esteem. One will nonetheless only enter through the door corresponding to their most abundant action.<\/p>\n

Al-Zarkash\u012b explains: \u201cIt is possible that the paradise is a fortress with embedded walls, and each wall would have its own door. Some will be called from the first door only, while others will be made to skip to the first door and taken to the interior door. So on and so forth\u2026\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u201cHe replied, \u201cYes, and I hope that you will be one of them.\u201d \u201d<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

The \u02bfulam\u0101\u02be explain: \u201cHope from All\u0101h and His Nab\u012b \ufdfa unequivocally comes to realization\u201d.<\/p>\n

The author-Im\u0101m Nawaw\u012b-explains: among the things which are inferred from this \u1e25ad\u012bth is the virtue of Ab\u016b-Bakar \uf074, and the permissibility of praising a person in their presence as long as a tribulation is not feared for them such as them becoming fond of themselves.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u0648\u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u062f\u064d \u0631\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \ufdfa\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0644: “\u0625\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064b \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064f \u0644\u0647: \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064f\u060c \u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u064f \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u064f \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u064c \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064f: \u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0648\u0646\u061f \u0641\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u064c \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062f\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u064f\u063a\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u064c” \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0642\u064c \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647().<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Sahl bin-Sa\u02bfd\u00a0 (May All\u0101h be pleased with him) narrates:<\/p>\n

The Prophet \ufdfa said, \u201cIn paradise there is a gate which is called Al-Rayy\u0101n through which only those who observe fasting will enter on the Day of Resurrection. No one else will enter through it. It will be called out, \u201cWhere are those who observe fasting?\u201d so they will stand up and no one else will enter through it. When the last of them will have entered, the gate will be closed and then no one will enter through that gate.\u201d<\/p>\n

Narrated by Bukh\u0101r\u012b and Muslim.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe Prophet \ufdfa said, \u201cIn paradise there is a gate which is called Al-Rayy\u0101n\u201d<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

The significance of the name Rayy\u0101n i.e the one who is satiated\/quenched has been explained earlier. One may add here that being satiated has been used to also signify that one\u2019s hunger is satisfied, because they clearly go hand-in-hand.<\/p>\n

\u201cThrough which only those who observe fasting will enter on the Day of Resurrection\u201d<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

The mention of the day of resurrection is because that is when this will occur. It can also be said that it\u2019s to differentiate from the souls of the martyrs and those of the believers which enter paradise during the duration of this lowly world, without it being contingent upon the action of fasting.<\/p>\n

\u201cNo one else will enter through it. It will be called out, \u201cWhere are those who observe fasting?\u201d so they will stand up and no one else will enter through it. When they have entered, the gate will be closed and then no one will enter through that gate. \u201d<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

The narration of \u1e62a\u1e25\u012b\u1e25 Muslim mentions \u201cwhen the last one of them will have entered\u201d<\/em>.<\/p>\n

The repetition of the fact that no one else will enter through it is done for emphasis. The wording of \u1e62a\u1e25\u012b\u1e25 Muslim is also narrated by Ibn Ab\u012b-Shayba in his Musnad, Ab\u016b-Nu\u02bfaym in his Mustakhraj, Ibn-Khuzayma, and Al-Nas\u0101\u02be\u012b. Al-Nas\u0101\u02be\u012b added: \u201cWhoever enters will never ever experience thirst again\u201d.<\/p>\n

Both Bukh\u0101r\u012b and Muslim narrated this \u1e25ad\u012bth in the chapter of fasting.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0631\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0644: \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \ufdfa: “\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u064d \u064a\u0635\u0648\u0645\u064f \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0647\u064f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u064b()” \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0642\u064c \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647().<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Abu Sa\u02bf\u012bd Al-Khudr\u012b\u00a0 (May All\u0101h be pleased with him) reported:<\/p>\n

The Messenger of All\u0101h \ufdfa said, \u201cThere is no slave of All\u0101h who observes fasting for one day in the way of All\u0101h, except that Allah will detach his face from hell-fire to the extent of a distance to be covered in seventy years. \u201d<\/p>\n

Al-Bukh\u0101r\u012b and Muslim.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe Messenger of All\u0101h \ufdfa said, \u201cThere is no slave of All\u0101h\u201d<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Meaning no legally responsible individual, and what will be mentioned next is true for both men and women. This is substantiated by the fact that a narration of \u1e62a\u1e25\u012b\u1e25 Muslim does not specify a gender \u201cWhoever fasts a day in the way of All\u0101h, He detaches their face from the hell-fire for a distance of seventy years\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u201cWho observes fasting for one day in the way of All\u0101h\u201d<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Meaning in the obedience of All\u0101h.<\/p>\n

\u201cExcept that All\u0101h will detach his face from hell-fire to the extent of a distance to be covered in seventy years.\u201d<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Meaning for the duration of a journey lasting seventy years.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0647\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \ufdfa\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0644: “\u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064b\u060c \u063a\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0646\u0628\u0647” \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0642\u064c \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647().<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Ab\u016b-Hurayra (May All\u0101h be pleased with him) reported:<\/p>\n

The Prophet \ufdfa said, \u201cHe who observes the fast of the month of Rama\u1e0d\u0101n with faith and reflecting upon its reward, will have his past sins forgiven.\u201d<\/p>\n

Narrated by Al-Bukh\u0101r\u012b and Muslim.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe Prophet \ufdfa said, \u201cHe who observes the fast of the month of Rama\u1e0dan with faith\u201d<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Meaning in a mental state where one affirms the truth of the reward related regarding it.<\/p>\n

\u201cAnd reflecting upon its reward\u201d<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Reflecting upon it and seeking thereby All\u0101h\u2019s countenance [i.e His pleasure].<\/p>\n

\u201cWill have his past sins forgiven.\u201d<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Al-Nas\u0101\u02be\u012b and A\u1e25mad both add in a fine [\u1e25ad\u012bth \u1e25asan] narration, \u201cand future sins\u201d.
\nThe sins which are forgiven on account of acts of obedience are those minor sins which relate to All\u0101h\u2019s rights.<\/p>\n

Ibn-\u02bfAllan’s Commentary Dalilul-Falihin: The Book of Fasting. Hadiths 1-2<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n